Una comparación de la respuesta autonómica en individuos hipertensos y no hipertensos para una maniobra ortostática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21830/19006586.139Palabras clave:
sistema nervioso autónomo, hipertensión arterial sistémica, ortostatismo, barorreceptoresResumen
El propósito de este trabajo es analizar el comportamiento autonómico mediado por la respuesta barorreceptora a una maniobra ortostática (MO) en sujetos hipertensos y no hipertensos. La frecuencia cardiaca (FC) fue obtenida en 65 sujetos (32 hipertensos y 33 no hipertensos) usando un monitor polar de frecuencia cardíaca, antes y después de una MO (al ponerse de pie súbitamente). Los intervalos R-R fueron transformados en series temporales (ST) de frecuencia cardíaca. Se aplicó interpolación debido a una falta de periodicidad en la ST de FC. Un muestreo de 10 Hz fue realizado, adicionalmente un filtro pasa banda seguida de un sub muestreo a 1 Hz. Los resultados mostraron un incremento en la actividad simpática del grupo hipertenso, lo cual no ocurrió en el grupo no hipertenso luego de la MO (Δ%=59.84%, P<0.01). En cuanto a los resultados parasimpáticos se observaron disminuciones solamente en el grupo hipertenso y no en el grupo no hipertenso luego de la intervención ortostática (Δ%= -43.4%, P<0.001). Se observaron incrementos en ambos grupos para el balance simpático vagal (hipertensos: Δ%= 45.63%, p= 0.004; no hipertensos: Δ%= 67.08%, p= 0.013). Los resultados mostraron un incremento en la actividad simpática en contraste con una disminución de la respuesta parasimpática en individuos hipertensos luego de una MO.
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